A Review on Wound Healing: Understanding its Phase and Mechanisms

Shyam Bahadur; Sunil Ahirwar; Satkar Prasad

doi:10.69968/ijisem.2025v4i468-75

Authors

Shyam Bahadur BHABHA University, Bhopal
Sunil Ahirwar BHABHA University, Bhopal
Satkar Prasad BHABHA University, Bhopal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.69968/ijisem.2025v4i468-75

Keywords:

Wound Healing, Cellular Mechanisms, Molecular Mechanisms, Role of platelets, Cytokines Phases

Abstract

Wound healing is a highly specialised, dynamic, multi-phase process that uses a complex mechanism to mend damaged or wounded tissues. Any disruption in the natural healing process of a wound leads to the production of aberrant scars and a chronic condition that makes the person more vulnerable to infections. The idea of wound healing as well as molecular and cellular processes were covered in this article. Emphasise the elements that influence wound healing as well. Using keywords like wound healing, cellular processes, and molecular mechanisms, secondary material was gathered from databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and ResearchGate. It concluded that wound healing is a highly coordinated biological process driven by the interplay of keratinocytes, fibroblasts, immune cells, cytokines, and growth factors that collectively regulate inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. Key signaling pathways, including NF-κB, MAPK, and STAT3, orchestrate cellular responses essential for effective repair.

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