Bio-Inspired Algorithmic Framework for AdaptiveFaçade Design in Energy-Efficient Architecture

Akkinapalli Vikram

doi:10.69968/ijisem.2026v5i221-28

Authors

Akkinapalli Vikram MD Global Technologies and Innovations LLC , Oman.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.69968/ijisem.2026v5i221-28

Keywords:

Bio-inspired design, Adaptive facade, Energy efficient architecture, Evolutionary algorithm, Thermal comfort

Abstract

The construction sector is one of the largest contributors to global energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. High thermal losses and over-reliance on mechanical heating or cooling systems are due to the frequent failure of traditional facades to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Inspired by natural systems such as the thermic cooling of plant leaves and the responsive structure of pine trees, this study provides an algorithmic bio-inspired framework for adaptive building facade design. The framework optimizes the geometry of the facade and the material response to occupancy dynamics, temperature, and sunlight, combining evolutionary algorithms, swarm intelligence, and morphogenetic principles. Conventional methods, because of their rigid control logic, often fail to strike the right balance between performance, comfort, and aesthetics. To achieve a dynamic balance between energy consumption and indoor comfort, the proposed framework will introduce an adaptive, self-organising mechanism that continuously changes the elements of the facade in real time. Computational simulations using parametric modelling and energy-use analysis tools shall be performed to evaluate metrics like temperature comfort index (PMI), solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC), daylight autonomy (DA), and energy use intensity (EUI).

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