A Review on Plant Tissue Culture and Practice

Abstract

Plant tissue culture pertains to the cultivation and proliferation of plant cells, tissues, and organs on predetermined solid or either liquid media within a controlled and aseptic environment. Micropropagation, which is conducted mainly using axillary buds, in-system cuttings, but also to a lesser extent from somatic embryos, cell clusters within suspension cultures, and bioreactors, is the means by which rapid proliferation is achieved. In contemporary times, plant tissue culture has been employed to preserve endangered plant species via cryopreservation, also referred to as long-term conservation, and short & medium term conservation, also known as sluggish growth. This Review paper examines the process of plant tissue culture that are commonly employed in biotechnological instruments for both fundamental and practical objectives, including functional gene investigations, examination of "plant developmental processes", and commercial research.