Assessment of the Pharmacognostical, Phytochemicals and Antidiabetic properties of the flowers of Acacia nilotica Linn and Acacia leucophloea Willd

Himanshu Arya; G Pavan Kumar; Jitendra Kumar Malik

doi:10.69968/ijisem.2025v4i4146-166

Authors

Himanshu Arya PhD, Resevch scholar, Faculty of Pharmacy, PK University, Thanra, Shivpuri, M.P, India
G Pavan Kumar Professor, Faculty of Pharmacy, PK University, Thanra, Shivpuri, M.P, India
Jitendra Kumar Malik Professor, Faculty of Pharmacy, PK University, Thanra, Shivpuri, M.P, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.69968/ijisem.2025v4i4146-166

Keywords:

Acacia nilotica (AN), Acacia leucophloea (AL), Herbal tablets, Antidiabetic activity, Phytochemical standardization.

Abstract

The present study evaluated the pharmacognostical, phytochemical, pharmaceutical, and pharmacological potential of AN and AL for developing standardized herbal tablets for diabetes mellitus (DM) management. Macroscopic, microscopic, and powder microscopic studies confirmed the identity, purity, and authenticity of the plant materials, while physicochemical parameters indicated acceptable quality. Phytochemical screening revealed flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids, with significant total phenolic and flavonoid contents. TLC, HPTLC, and HPLC profiling established characteristic fingerprints and confirmed marker compounds including quercetin and lupeol. Hydroalcoholic extracts were successfully formulated into tablets by direct compression, with satisfactory pre- and post-compression characteristics. Formulation F4 demonstrated optimal performance. In vitro studies showed concentration-dependent α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition, while in vivo evaluation demonstrated reduced blood glucose levels and improved lipid profiles. Histopathological findings confirmed protective effects on pancreatic and vital tissues. Overall, the standardized herbal tablets exhibited promising antidiabetic activity and potential as natural therapeutic agents for DM management.

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